A massive heat dome is sweeping across the United States, breaking March temperature records. Weather experts note that the dome has already surpassed statewide March records in 14 states. The expansive heat dome, originating in the Southwest, is gradually moving eastward and is predicted to become one of the most significant heat waves in American history, according to meteorologists and weather historians.
The heat wave’s impact is forecasted to rival major events seen in 2012 and 2021, with its effects likely persisting until mid-next week as April approaches, as stated by meteorologist Gregg Gallina from the National Weather Service’s Weather Prediction Center. Gallina highlighted that a widespread area across the U.S. will experience high temperatures, setting numerous record highs.
This heat dome, characterized by high pressure trapping hot air over a region, is anticipated to result in Flagstaff, Ariz., enduring more than a week of temperatures exceeding previous March records, explained meteorologist Jeff Masters from Yale Climate Connections.
The dome’s eastward progression is expected to elevate temperatures into the mid-30s C (90s F) by Wednesday over the southern and central Plains, potentially leading to record-breaking temperatures in about a quarter to a third of the 48 continental states, as per Gallina.
Comparatively, the physical expanse of this heat wave is projected to surpass two previous historic heat waves in 2012 and 2021, with weather historian Chris Burt noting that while not as extensive as the Dust Bowl heat waves of 1936, the current heatwave is unique due to its concentrated intensity.
Recent temperatures have soared in Arizona and California, with four locations reaching 44.4 C (112 F) on Friday, setting new records for the hottest March day in the continental United States. Several states, including California, Arizona, and Nevada, have experienced their highest March temperatures on record during this heat dome event.
The prolonged heat is attributed to a stalled jet stream, causing weather patterns to remain fixed further westward than usual, leading to extreme conditions in various regions. Climate scientists have linked the record-breaking heat to climate change, emphasizing the increased likelihood of such events due to human activities.
The heat dome is expected to dissipate by late next week, providing some relief from the intense temperatures and potential adverse effects on water resources and wildfire risks in affected areas.