Haitian security forces and private contractors using drones have caused the death of 1,243 individuals and injured 738 others within a span of less than a year, according to Human Rights Watch. The casualties include 17 children and 43 adults not associated with any criminal organizations. The incidents occurred between March 1, 2025, and January 21, 2026, with the deadliest drone operation resulting in 57 fatalities.
Human Rights Watch has called for immediate measures to control the actions of the security forces and contractors to prevent further loss of lives, especially children. The organization highlighted a significant increase in armed drone attacks in Port-au-Prince, which is predominantly under gang control. Reports indicate a rise in drone attacks from 29 between August and October last year to 57 between November and January.
Videos analyzed by Human Rights Watch show quadcopter drones equipped with explosives targeting vehicles and individuals, including those not engaged in violent activities or posing immediate threats. The group emphasized that there is no widespread use of drones by criminal groups, with most incidents attributed to security forces and contractors.
One tragic incident mentioned in the report occurred on September 20, 2025, in the Simon Pele neighborhood, resulting in the deaths of nine individuals, including three children. Families of the victims alleged that the criminal group overseeing the area controlled access to the funerals, allowing only those accepting their support to attend.
The use of lethal force against gangs in Haiti has raised concerns, with UN human rights chief Volker Turk labeling it as unnecessary, disproportionate, and potentially violating international laws. The government’s establishment of a task force outside the oversight of the National Police, employing explosive drones, has drawn criticism.
Vectus Global, led by Erik Prince, a controversial figure known for founding Blackwater, is expected to deploy around 200 personnel to Haiti to address gang violence. Additionally, Haitian police are collaborating with a UN-backed mission that aims to transition into a gang suppression force in the near future.
The prosecution of individuals connected to the 2021 assassination of president Jovenel Moïse has been hindered by gang violence, with powerful gangs seizing control of the courthouse in downtown Port-au-Prince. Meanwhile, the trial against defendants accused of conspiring to kidnap or kill the former leader in South Florida is set to begin, with delays due to discovery challenges and the extensive evidence involved.