Canadian teenagers exhibit strong proficiency in science, reading, and math, as per a significant global evaluation. However, the most recent PISA outcomes reveal a continuous decline in scores across all three subjects, with a notable decrease in reading and math in recent editions. This declining trend, amidst an overall global decrease in teen performance, has sparked concerns among educators and researchers who advocate for heightened attention and action to enhance student learning.
The coalition of all Canadian ministers of education and higher education highlighted this issue in a recent statement, underscoring the critical need for ongoing focus on educational outcomes. The Program for International Student Assessment (PISA), conducted by the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) every three years, assesses 15-year-olds in approximately 90 countries and economies globally across three subjects, with a specific emphasis on one subject in each edition.
In the latest 2025 edition, around 24,600 Canadian students participated, with additional data collected from student and school principal questionnaires on attitudes, behaviors, and school environment. Despite Canadian students ranking above the OECD average and among the top performers globally, with scores of 510 in science, 490 in reading, and 485 in math, a comparison with past editions reveals a significant decline over the past two decades.
Louis Volante, a professor at Brock University specializing in international achievement testing and educational policy, expressed deep concern over the substantial post-pandemic drops in scores, attributing them to factors such as increased digital distractions, growing AI usage, and teacher shortages. The latest results also indicated the lowest OECD-average performance to date, signaling a troubling trend of stagnation or decline in learning outcomes worldwide.
The decline in reading skills, in particular, is alarming as they form the foundation for learning across various subjects and are crucial in today’s digital era. Countries witnessing the largest reading dips also experienced significant drops in science and math scores. These challenges are evident in classrooms, with educators like Tasha Ausman noting a decline in student reading comprehension and basic information identification.
Paul Bennett, an education consultant, pointed out that Canada’s education system has lagged behind, particularly since 2015, and emphasized the need for policy updates and a renewed focus on effective teaching methodologies. Addressing pressing issues like excessive screen time and technology usage, alongside a resurgence of traditional textbooks, is crucial for improving student performance and outcomes.
Darryl Hunter, a retired education professor, stressed the importance of interpreting assessment results to drive meaningful conversations, investigations, and policy decisions aimed at enhancing educational standards. While test scores are vital, they should be viewed in conjunction with non-cognitive aspects like student attitudes, school environment, and family support to paint a comprehensive picture of educational success.
As Canada navigates these educational challenges, a holistic approach encompassing various factors beyond academic performance is essential for fostering a prosperous future.