Canada and Alberta, previously leaders in reducing methane emissions, have experienced a slowdown in reductions in recent years. This is attributed to oil and gas companies delaying necessary technology upgrades, waiting for new government regulations. A recent agreement-in-principle between Canada and Alberta aims to address this issue by introducing new methane rules and targets, potentially accelerating methane reductions. However, some uncertainties remain.
The new agreement allows Alberta to establish its own methane regulations as long as they are as stringent as federal standards. Transparency and tracking against agreed metrics are emphasized by Rick Smith, president of the Canadian Climate Institute. Alberta will also be required to undergo third-party independent verification of its emissions to address discrepancies between reported and actual methane emissions.
While Alberta claims a 52% reduction in methane emissions from 2014 levels, independent studies suggest a lower reduction of 35%. Amanda Bryant from the Pembina Institute advocates for improved measurement methods to ensure the effectiveness of regulations. Technological advancements now enable the detection of methane leaks using ground-based cameras, aircraft sensors, and satellite systems.
Alberta’s initial methane rules in 2015 led to significant reductions, but progress stalled in recent years. The new agreement aims to keep pace with technological advancements and address venting methane gas during oil and gas extraction, as well as leaks from pneumatic controllers and pumps. The province is encouraged to transition to more environmentally friendly devices to reduce emissions.
The revised target for methane reduction in Alberta, set for 2035, aims to achieve a 75% reduction from 2012 levels. While this delay may result in additional emissions, the collaboration between federal and provincial governments is seen as beneficial for progress. The detailed methane regulations will undergo public consultation and are expected to be finalized by the end of 2026.