Grocery retailers throughout Newfoundland and Labrador have been facing challenges in maintaining an adequate supply of hard bread following a fire at the Purity factory in March, disrupting the company’s baking operations. Purity, the primary supplier of hard bread in the province, produces this dry, unleavened bread made from flour, water, and salt, known by various names like hard tack, ship’s biscuit, and sea biscuit.
The popularity of hard bread in the region can be traced back to its historical significance as a staple in travelers’ diets for its durability and portability. Dating back to ancient times, dehydrated bread was provided to soldiers on campaigns and sailors on long voyages due to its long shelf life and ease of transportation.
During the 1500s, Basque seasonal fishermen introduced hard bread to the coasts of Newfoundland and Labrador. Even after European settlement, the demand for hard bread persisted, with fishing families relying on it during sea voyages, berry picking trips, and hunting expeditions.
The scarcity of locally produced hard bread led to its importation, with Newfoundland becoming dependent on supplies from the American colonies for hard bread, flour, livestock, and other provisions. In 1775, trade restrictions imposed by the American colonies during escalating tensions with the British Crown significantly impacted Newfoundland’s food supply, leading to shortages and price hikes.
To meet the rising demand, European suppliers increased production, with Hamburg, Germany becoming a major supplier of hard bread to Newfoundland. Local production of hard bread began in the 1830s when the Scottish Rennie brothers established a flour mill and bakery in St. John’s.
The enduring popularity of hard bread is reflected in its consumption levels, with residents consuming millions of hard biscuits annually by the late 19th century. Hard bread played a significant role in traditional Newfoundland dishes like fish and brewis, a hearty meal made by boiling soaked hard bread with salt cod.
Recent updates indicate that Purity has resumed bakery operations in July, signaling a forthcoming replenishment of hard bread on local store shelves, much to the delight of hard bread enthusiasts in the region.